BIOCHEM S2 BSN A12
BIOCHEM SKILLBOOSTER STAGE 2
Question 1
What is the primary focus of biochemistry as a scientific discipline?
Study of ecosystems
Analysis of human anatomy
Investigation of chemical processes within living organisms
Examination of geological formations
Question 2
Which of the following is a fundamental biochemical system found in all living organisms?
Nervous system
Photosynthetic system
Cellular respiration system
Skeletal system
Question 3
Which of the following biomolecules constitutes about 15% of overall cell mass
Protein
Lipids
Nucleic acid
Carbohydrates
Question 4
How does the study of biochemistry contribute to advancements in medicine?
By discovering new planetary systems
By understanding the chemical basis of diseases
By developing new architectural designs
By exploring historical artifacts
Question 5
The study of enzymes and their kinetics is an example of which biochemical method?
Centrifugation
Fluorescence microscopy
Enzyme kinetics assays
DNA sequencing
Question 6
In biochemistry, the term "biomolecules" refers to:
Inorganic minerals
Organic compounds in living organisms
Atmospheric gases
Synthetic polymers
Question 7
Which of the following best describes the relationship between biochemistry and pharmacy?
Biochemistry helps design effective drug molecules.
Biochemistry focuses only on plant biology.
Pharmacy and biochemistry have no direct connection.
Pharmacy uses biochemistry principles to analyze geological samples.
Question 8
Which of the following professions most directly applies biochemistry principles?
Civil engineering
Culinary arts
Pharmaceutical science
Fashion design
Question 9
A scientist is studying the relationship between physiology and biochemistry in different biological processes. Which of the following findings would most likely indicate a lack of connection between these two fields?
The role of insulin in glucose metabolism and its effect on blood sugar regulation.
The breakdown of fatty acids and its contribution to energy production in muscle contraction.
The transmission of nerve impulses and the role of neurotransmitters in synaptic signaling.
The shape of red blood cells and their effect on personality traits in individuals.
Question 10
What is the primary role of biochemistry in the field of nursing?
Designing building structures
Understanding drug metabolism and patient care
Developing new social media platforms
Creating financial models
Question 11
Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
Starch
Glycogen
Glucose
Cellulose
Question 12
What type of bond links monosaccharides together to form polysaccharides?
Peptide bond
Glycosidic bond
Hydrogen bond
Disulfide bond
Question 13
Which carbohydrate serves as the main structural component in plant cell walls?
Starch
Sucrose
Cellulose
Lactose
Question 14
What is the primary function of glycogen in animals?
Structural support
Energy storage
DNA synthesis
Hormone production
Question 15
Which of the following best describes reducing sugars?
Sugars that do not react with oxidizing agents
Sugars that contain a free aldehyde or ketone group
Sugars that form a peptide bond
Sugars that are involved in DNA replication
Question 16
Which type of polysaccharide is used as an energy reserve in plants?
Glycogen
Cellulose
Starch
Chitin
Question 17
Which of the following carbohydrates is a non-reducing sugar?
Glucose
Fructose
Sucrose
Galactose
Question 18
Which carbohydrate can humans not digest due to the lack of necessary enzymes?
Starch
Cellulose
Sucrose
Maltose
Question 19
Which of the following is a disaccharide?
Glucose
Galactose
Sucrose
Amylose
Question 20
A student performed Benedict’s test on two sugar solutions: Solution A and Solution B. Solution A produced a brick-red precipitate, while Solution B remained blue. The student then hydrolyzed Solution B with dilute acid and repeated the Benedict’s test, obtaining a positive result. What can be concluded about the sugars in Solutions A and B?
Both solutions contain reducing sugars.
Solution A contains a reducing sugar, while Solution B contains a non-reducing sugar.
Solution A contains a non-reducing sugar, while Solution B contains a reducing sugar.
Both solutions contain non-reducing sugars.
Question 21
In the Seliwanoff’s test, a rapid formation of a cherry-red color indicates the presence of:
Aldoses
Ketoses
Disaccharides
Oligosaccharides
Question 22
The primary storage form of glucose in animals is:
Cellulose
Starch
Glycogen
Sucrose
Question 23
Which of the following is true about cellulose?
It is a major energy source for humans.
It is a storage form of glucose in animals.
It provides structural support in plants.
It is easily digestible by humans.
Question 24
Which of the following sugars is an aldose?
Glucose
Fructose
Sucrose
Lactose
Question 25
What type of bond is formed during the condensation of two monosaccharides?
Hydrogen bond
Ionic bond
Glycosidic bond
Phosphodiester bond
Question 26
Which enzyme is deficient in individuals with lactose intolerance?
Lactase
Amylase
Sucrase
Maltase
Question 27
What is the clinical significance of monitoring blood glucose levels in diabetic patients?
To detect the presence of infectious diseases
To assess the function of the immune system
To manage and control blood sugar levels
To monitor respiratory function
Question 28
Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starch into maltose?
Lactase
Amylase
Sucrase
Maltase
Question 29
What nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
Uracil
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Question 30
Which type of RNA is responsible for carrying amino
acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
mRNA (Messenger RNA)
rRNA (Ribosomal RNA)
snRNA (Small Nuclear RNA)
tRNA (Transfer RNA)
Question 31
The process of protein synthesis is also known as:
Replication
Transcription
Transduction
Translation
Question 32
Which enzyme is primarily responsible for adding
nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication?
Helicase
Ligase
Primase
DNA polymerase
Question 33
Which sugar is part of the backbone in the primary structure of RNA?
Glucose
Ribose
Fructose
Deoxyribose
Question 34
Which of the following vitamins is known to support energy metabolism and is often included in many “energy” supplements?
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B9
Vitamin B12
Question 35
Which water-soluble vitamin is critical for maintaining skin health and also acts as an antioxidant?
Vitamin B3
Vitamin C
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Question 36
Which vitamin is involved in DNA synthesis and is crucial for fetal development during pregnancy?
Vitamin B12
Vitamin A
Vitamin B9
Vitamin C
Question 37
Julie, a 2nd year college student, often skips meals and has noticed that her gums are bleeding, weight loss, slow healing of wounds, and she feels unusually fatigued. Which vitamin deficiency could be causing these symptoms?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B9
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Question 38
What is the main form of Vitamin E found in vitamin E- rich foods?
Alpha-tocopherol
Beta-carotene
Gamma-tocopherol
Ergocalciferol
Question 39
What is the primary function of Vitamin C in the body?
Production of red blood cells
Collagen synthesis and antioxidant protection
Conversion of carbohydrates to energy
Bone health and calcium absorption
Question 40
Which enzyme is involved in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols?
Lipase
Amylase
Protease
Lactase
Question 41
Enzymes are most effective at:
Extreme pH levels.
Very low temperatures.
Very high substrate concentrations only.
Their optimal temperature and pH.
Question 42
Why might people living in northern latitudes or with limited sun exposure be at higher risk for Vitamin D deficiency?
Because they cannot produce Vit. D due to insufficient sunlight exposure
Because they consume less Vit. D in their diet
Because their skin does not respond to sunlight
None of the choices are correct
Question 43
What is the primary function of oxidoreductases?
To break chemical bonds using water.
To transfer phosphate groups to molecules.
To catalyze oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions.
To add or remove functional groups from molecules.
Question 44
Which model of enzyme specificity describes the enzyme’s active site as having a shape that precisely matches the substrate, like a lock and key?
Induced fit model.
Lock and key model.
Conformational change model.
Substrate strain model
Question 45
What is the main difference between a nucleotide and a nucleoside?
A nucleoside includes a phosphate group, while a nucleotide does not.
A nucleotide includes a phosphate group, while a nucleoside does not.
A nucleoside contains a nitrogenous base, while a nucleotide does not.
A nucleotide is composed of amino
Question 46
The fragments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand are called:
Leading fragments
Okazaki fragments
Replication forks
Telomeres
Question 47
Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from the
nucleus to the ribosome?
hnRNA
tRNA
mRNA
rRNA
Question 48
Which of the following pairs of bases is correct in the context of primary structure nucleic acid sequence?
Adenine pairs with cytosine
Thymine pairs with guanine
Adenine pairs with thymine (in DNA)
Cytosine pairs with uracil
Question 49
Which of the following is a function of lipids in the body?
Catalysis of biochemical reactions
Energy storage
DNA replication
Regulation of blood pressure
Question 50
During translation, the ribosome moves along the
mRNA in which direction?
3' to 5'
5' to 3'
Both directions
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