MED SURG III - EXAM #4

The nurse is caring for patients on the oncology unit. What priority action would most benefit the patient?

A patient, age 67 years, is admitted for diagnostic studies to rule out cancer. The patient is Caucasian, has been employed as a landscaper for 40 years, and has a 36-year history of smoking a pack of cigarettes daily. What significant risk factors does the nurse recognize this patient has? (Select all that apply.)

What foods should the nurse suggest that the patient consume less of in order to reduce nitrate intake because of the possibility of carcinogenic action?

The nurse is caring for a patient that will be receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer. What information related to chemotherapy should the nurse discuss with the patient?

The nurse assesses that extravasation of a chemotherapy agent has occurred. What should the initial action of the nurse be?

What intervention should the nurse provide to reduce the incidence of renal damage when a patient is taking a chemotherapy regimen?

A patient is infected with HIV after sharing needles with another IV drug abuser. Upon infection with HIV, the immune system responds by making antibodies against the virus, usually within how many weeks after infection?

A patient develops gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding from a gastric ulcer and requires blood transfusions. The patient states to the nurse, “I am not going to have a transfusion because I don’t want to get AIDS.” What is the best response by the nurse?

A patient with HIV has been on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 6 months. The patient comes to the clinic with home medications, and the nurse observes that there are too many pills in the container. Which factors are associated with nonadherence to ART? (Select all that apply.)

A patient is on ART for the treatment of HIV. What does the nurse determine would be an adequate CD4+ count to determine the effectiveness of treatment for a patient per year?

A patient had unprotected sex with an HIV-infected person and arrives in the clinic requesting HIV testing. Results determine a negative HIV antibody test and an increased viral load. What stage does the nurse determine the patient is in?

A patient with HIV develops a nonproductive cough, shortness of breath, a fever of 101°F, and an O2 saturation of 92%. What infection caused by Pneumocystis jiroveci does the nurse know could occur with this patient?

A patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) informs the nurse of difficulty eating and swallowing, and shows the nurse white patches in the mouth. What problem related to AIDS does the nurse understand the patient has developed?

While caring for a patient with Pneumocystis pneumonia, the nurse assesses flat, purplish lesions on the back and trunk. What does the nurse suspect these lesions indicate?

The nurse receives a phone call at the clinic from the family member of a patient with AIDS. The family member states that the patient started “acting funny” after reporting headache, tiredness, and a stiff neck. Checking the temperature resulted in a fever of 103.2°F. What should the nurse tell the family member?

A patient is diagnosed with Pneumocystis pneumonia. What medication does the nurse anticipate educating the patient about for treatment?

The nurse is discussing sexual activity with a patient recently diagnosed with HIV. The patient states, “As long as I have sex with another person who is already infected, I will be okay.” What is the best response by the nurse?

A patient is scheduled for a Billroth I procedure for ulcer management. What does the nurse understand will occur when this procedure is performed?

The nurse determines that a patient is at risk for the development of gastric cancer. What foods should the nurse encourage the patient to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

A patient is suspected to have pancreatic carcinoma and is having diagnostic testing to determine insulin deficiency. What would the nurse determine is an indicator for insulin deficiency in this patient? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is caring for a patient who sustained a full-thickness burn to the arm after being scalded with boiling water. How did the nurse determine that the patient’s burns are full-thickness burns?

The nurse is caring for a patient who sustained severe burns to 50% of the body 3 days previously. What should the nurse report immediately when reviewing laboratory studies indicating massive cell destruction?

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory studies for a patient during fluid remobilization after a major burn. What laboratory value observed by the nurse should be immediately reported?

 The nurse is caring for a patient who sustained a major burn. What serious gastrointestinal disturbance should the nurse monitor for that frequently occurs with a major burn?

A person experiences leg burns from spilled charcoal lighter fluid. A family member extinguishes the flames. While waiting for an ambulance, what should the burned person do?

The nurse in the emergency department receives a patient who sustained a severe burn injury. What is the priority action by the nurse in this situation?

The nurse is monitoring for fluid and electrolyte changes in the emergent phase of burn injury for a patient. Which will be an expected outcome? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is assessing a patient for signs of potassium shifting during the acute phase of burn injury. During which time frame should the nurse assess for signs of potassium shifting?

The nurse is planning the care of a patient with a major burn. What outcome will be optimal during fluid replacement?

The nurse is monitoring a patient during the fluid remobilization phase of a burn injury. What expected findings should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is applying an occlusive dressing to a burned foot. What position should the foot be placed in after application of the dressing?

A patient will be receiving biologic dressings. The nurse understands that biologic dressings, which use skin from living or recently deceased humans, are known by what name?

The nurse is administering an analgesic to a patient with major burns. What is the recommended route for administration for this patient?

To meet early nutritional demands for protein, a 198-lb (90-kg) burned patient will need to ingest a minimum of how much protein every 24 hours?