(2) NEW- FAMILY - PEDS EXAM #1
Question 1
Which age group would have the most tendency towards eating disorders?
Adolescence
Toddlerhood
Preschool
Infancy
Question 2
The following are the descriptions of Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development. Put them in the correct order from levels 1 to 6, simply drag and drop the choices below.
Law & Order Orientation - Conforms to avoid censure (disapproval) by authorities
Universal Ethical Principle Orientation - Individual principles of conscience
Social Contract Orientation - Conforms to maintain communities - Emphasis on individual rights
Instrumental Orientation - Conforming to get rewards and to have favors returned
Punishment and Obedience Orientation - Obeying rules to avoid punishment
Good/Bad Orientation - Conforms to avoid disapproval or dislike by others
Question 3
Place these primitive protective reflexes of infancy in the order in which they will disappear as the child matures.
Moro
Step
Plantar
Babinski
Root
Question 4
The nurse is helping the parent of a 5-month-old infant understand the importance of developmentally appropriate play. Which one of the toys best meets the needs of this child?
Brightly colored stacking toy
A yellow rubber duck for the bath
A push-pull toy
Pots and pans from the kitchen cupboard
Question 5
The nurse conducting a 6-month well-baby check-up assesses for the presence/absence of the asymmetric tonic neck reflex. At this age the reflex:
should have disappeared.
should be pronounced and easy to elicit.
is a protective reflex and retained for life.
is expected to appear within 1 month.
Question 6
The infant in the exam room has these signs and symptoms. Which will the nurse attribute to teething? (Select all that apply.)
Refusing to eat
Drooling and biting
Increased sucking on hands
Fever and diarrhea
Irritability and awakening from sleep
Question 7
Parents state they are "worn out" at their child's 6-month check-up because their child awakens each night and cries. The nurse suggests which measures?
Add rice cereal to the evening bottle to prevent hunger and awakening.
During night awakening, do not interact with the child.
At bedtime, rock the child to sleep and then place in crib.
Establish a quieting ritual before bed
Question 8
The nurse is caring for a 5-week-old infant who is spitting up "all the time." This is the parent's first child. What should be the priority nursing intervention?
Observe the parent during feeding and burping the infant.
Offer assurance that spitting up is normal.
Describe the capacity of a 5-week-old infant's stomach.
Recommend the parent offer smaller and more frequent feedings.
Question 9
At birth the newborn's head and chest circumference were measured. The nurse knows that the head should be about:
equal in size to the chest.
2 in larger than the chest.
1 in larger than the chest.
½ in smaller than the chest.
Question 10
The nurse is performing an assessment on a 8-month-old infant. The infant's medical history notes that he was born at 32 weeks' gestation. The infant is progressing normally. At what adjusted age should the nurse expect the infant's developmental accomplishments?
The infant will most likely present with developmental skills consistent with a 6-month-old infant.
The infant will likely show the skills of an infant with the adjusted age of 7 month.
By 8 months of age, the child's skill level will vary greatly and cannot be predicted.
The infant can be expected to display developmental skills consistent with a 8-month-old infant.
Question 11
The parent of a toddler half-jokingly states: "I am so tired of hearing 'NO!' I wish he would stop!" What suggestions will the nurse offer to reduce toddler negativism? (Select all that apply.)
Avoid "yes" and "no" questions.
Emphasize what is not to be done: "Don't sit there."
Make statements: "It is time for lunch."
Avoid ending a request with "Okay?"
Offer simple choices: "Blue shirt or red one?"
Use humor to make "no" funny: "Do cows bark?"
Question 12
The nurse is teaching parents how to avoid a power struggle with their 2-year-old child. Which comment indicates that more teaching is needed?
"We will give our child a choice whenever possible."
"We will make sure our child shares toys with cousins of this age."
"Childproofing our home will make it less necessary to say 'No!'"
"Both of us, as parents, will agree on and consistently enforce the limits we set."
Question 13
The parent of a preschooler reports that the child seems to believe in magic. The parent voices concern that this "fantasy world" may become a problem. What response by the nurse is indicated? (Select all that apply.)
"While imagination is normal, this type of fantasy world can cause problems for your child and should be discouraged."
"This type of imagination is not normally seen until a child is school aged."
"Fantasy play is most often seen in lonely children in an attempt to occupy themselves."
"Your child is engaging in what we call magical thinking."
"This type of thought process allows your child to begin to observe the differences in the world."
Question 14
A parent expresses surprise to the nurse that her toddler daughter has begun masturbating. The most important initial nursing response is:
Toilet teaching places much focus on the genitals.
Check for undue stress in your toddler's life.
This is a normal and expected activity best treated matter-of-factly.
Toddler girls as well as boys will masturbate.
Question 15
Parents who just moved into their "dream home" are concerned because their toddler, who had achieved daytime bowel and bladder control, has begun wetting and defecating in the underwear. The nurse explains this is called:
Regression
Egocentrism
Ritualism
Autonomy
Question 16
The student nurse is assigned to care for a 15-month-old child. When developing a care plan addressing the nutritional needs of the toddler, which client goals demonstrate the student nurse's understanding of these needs? (Select all that apply.)
"The child will stop drinking from a bottle while in bed within the next 2 weeks."
"The child will drink amounts suggested by the pediatrician of milk and other fluids on a daily basis."
"The child will be weaned from breastfeeding within the next month."
"The child will drink milk from a bottle every day for the next 2 months."
"The child will learn to drink from a cup within the next month."
Question 17
The nurse is providing parental anticipatory guidance to promote healthy emotional development in a 12-month-old child. Which statement best accomplishes this?
Emotions of a 12-month-old are labile. He can move from calm to a temper tantrum rapidly.
Aggressive behaviors such as hitting and biting are common in toddlers.
A regular routine and rituals will provide stability and security.
A sense of control can be provided through offering limited choices.
Question 18
The nurse finds the diet of a 30-month-old child to be low in calcium. What suggestion can significantly increase this toddler's calcium intake?
Offer chocolate milk to increase milk intake.
Give her slices of cheddar cheese as a snack.
Use unsweetened applesauce as a dessert.
Include dark greens and spinach in her meals.
Question 19
The nurse is teaching the parent of a 2-year-old child about age-appropriate toys. Which would be of most interest plus stimulating to the growth and development of this child?
Giving the child a toy vacuum cleaner
Giving the child bowls, pot, pans, and large spoons
Offering the child a variety of large stuffed toys
Providing a brightly colored plastic bucket and shovel
Question 20
A stay-at-home parent wants to purchase commercial toddler meals because the 16-month-old child recently choked on table food. Which food items will the nurse suggest not be given to this child? (Select all that apply.)
Round foods such as hot dogs, whole grapes, and cherry tomatoes
Sticky foods like peanut butter alone, gummy candies, and marshmallows
Vegetables such as corn, green beans, and peas
Fruits such as peaches, pears, and kiwi
Hard foods such as nuts, raw carrots, and popcorn
Question 21
The parents of a 5-year-old call the nurse for advice about night terrors. The child has had them nightly for almost 2 weeks. What is the most appropriate intervention?
Wake the child up nightly 30 to 45 minutes after going to sleep.
Encourage the parents to let the child fall asleep in a safe place such as their bed.
Explain that this is a developmental phase that will not last.
Tell the parents to be sure to wake the child up during the next episode.
Question 22
The nurse is providing teaching about car seat safety for a parents' meeting at the preschool their children attend. Choose the points the nurse should make. (Select all that apply.)
Many car seats are installed improperly, making them unsafe.
Booster seats should be used with both a shoulder and lap belt.
Children who weigh less than 40 lb should use a rear-facing car seat.
Children large enough for a front-facing care seat with a harness for as long as possible.
The back seat remains the safest place for children to ride.
Question 23
The nurse is conducting a well-child exam of a 4-year-old child. Which statement would alert the nurse that the child is at risk for iron deficiency?
"He eats a well-balanced diet."
"He enjoys eggs and fortified cereal for breakfast."
"He loves milk and drinks it every time he is thirsty."
"He does not like spinach, but he does like chicken and beef."
Question 24
The school nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of teachers about teen suicide. When discussing risk factors for this occurrence which should be included? (Select all that apply.)
Homosexuality
Family history of depression
Sexual promiscuity
Substance use disorder
History of mental illness
Question 25
The parent of a 15-year-old child expresses sadness to the nurse that the child is "much more connected to friends than family." What understanding would benefit this parent? (Select all that apply.)
Peers are needed for emotional security while stepping away from family.
Peers provide opportunity to learn and practice social roles.
Adolescents need parental support and guidance as they move toward greater peer involvement.
Peers can be positive or negative influences.
Adolescents learn about negotiating differences by spending time with peers.
Question 26
The school nurse is preparing health promotion presentations regarding unintentional injuries for a high school health fair. On which topic should the nurse place as the priority when preparing the presentation?
Motor vehicle safety
Poison prevention
Drug and alcohol use prevention
Water sports injuries
Question 27
What anticipatory guidance can the nurse provide the girl who has noted the development of breast buds?
Adult height will be reached at the time of menarche.
Menarche should follow in about 2 years.
The growth spurt will begin immediately with menarche.
Breast development will be complete with 12 months.
Question 28
Nurses should provide anticipatory guidance to males to prepare them for what particular pubertal change in late adolescence?
Lengthening of the penis
Breast enlargement
Nocturnal emissions
Reddening of the scrotum
Question 29
A new staff member asks veteran nurses about the meaning of atraumatic care for children. These nurses explain that the concept is based on:
peers being helped to develop empathy for the child.
the underlying premise of "do no harm."
the child's need to experience no trauma.
units staffed to provide one nurse for each child.
Question 30
The nurse is assessing a child who is receiving TPN. The nurse determines the TPN bag was hung 24 hours ago. What initial action by the nurse is indicated?
Hang a new bag of TPN.
Increase the rate of the TPN to complete the bag.
Discontinue the TPN bag and notify the healthcare provider.
Document the amount of solution left in the bag and continue the administration.