_________ are unique molecules which can be recognised by T lymphocytes and the ________ created by B lymphocytes.
A.PAMPs / antibodies
B.Antibodies / antigens
C.TLRs / PAMPs
D.Antigens / antibodies
Which of the following is the most accurate definition of an ANTIGEN?
A.Molecules and stuff... 3 options is enough.
B.A unique protein embedded in the plasma membrane of an organism which can be recognised by antibodies.
C.A unique molecule, usually protein-based, which can often elicit an immune response when recognised by antibodies.
D.A unique molecule, usually protein-based, which will bring about an immune response.
But what is the MHC? It is the:
...complex of proteins on the surface of your cells which demonstrate "self" to be recognised by B lymphocytes.
A.TRUENESS
B.False... definitely false.
Which of the following could be a cellular pathogen:
A.Viruses
B.Oomycetes
C.Prions
D.Viroids
Which of these is not an aspect of INNATE IMMUNITY
A.Physical barriers in plants - the cell wall and waxy cuticle
B.Skin!
C.The mucus linings, such as that in our trachea
D.Recognition of PAMPs in an invading bacteria.
E.They all are!
Another term for white blood cells is:
A.leukocytes
B.lymphocytes
C.phagocytes
D.antibodies
___________ are groups of molecules common to a group of organisms, such as bacteria. These can be detected by the ___________ on leukocytes of the innate immune system.
A.antigens / antibodies
B.TLRs / antibodies
C.TLRs / antigens
D.PAMPs / TLRs
T/F:
APCs are the "antigen-presenting cells" - such as some phagocytic leukocytes. These serve as a link between the innate and adaptive immune response by presenting antigens from the pathogens they have they engulfed on their MHC markers.
A.so complex it must be TRUE
B.I don't know so I will guess FALSE
Which of these is not a step in the initiation of the inflammatory response?
A.A breach in the bodies barriers, such as tripping over and hitting your face on you sleeping cat who scratches you mercilessly introducing bacteria.
B.Injured cells releasing cytokines.
C.Mast cells are attracted to the site by cytokines and release histamines - these cause the blood vessels to become more permeable, thereby letting other defensive cells and substances into the site of injury.
D.Cytokines attract neutrophils, now able to pass through the vessel walls thanks to the release of histamines - they engulf pathogens presenting recognisable PAMPs.
E.The neutrophils move towards the cytokines, and are activated, and secrete more factors such as defensins which attract macrophages.
F.Macrophages also phagocytose the pathogens into the site of infection along, which = pus.
the inflammatory response continues until the pathogen is eliminated and the wound is healed.
